If your vehicle is showing groaning or rubbing noise from the steering column, here are the most likely causes and the parts you'll need to fix each one.
The rubber boot where the steering shaft passes through the firewall can dry out over time. As the shaft turns, it rubs against the dry rubber, creating a groaning or squeaking noise that echoes up the column.
The plastic clamshell covers around the steering column can rub against the back of the steering wheel. This frequently happens if the covers were recently removed for repairs or if an aftermarket steering wheel was installed incorrectly.
A power steering pump starved of fluid will emit a loud groan when turning. While the pump is under the hood, the vibration and noise often travel directly up the steering shaft, making it sound like it's coming from the column.
The internal bearings supporting the steering shaft or the universal joints connecting the shaft sections can dry out and bind. This causes a mechanical groaning or grinding noise directly inside the column.
Internal wear, binding, or seal failure inside the steering rack can cause a deep groaning noise under load. This noise can transmit up the steering column into the cabin.